Improvement in method of extracting teeth



J. B. FRANCIS. METHOD OF BXTRAGTING TEETH.

N0. 20,390. Patented May 25. 1858.

\ I z mmm iii Leases %ja%% WW UNITED STATES JEROME B. FRANCIS, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO PATENT OFFIcE.

WM. HARPER, JR.; SAID HARPER ASSIGNOR TO JEROME B. FRANCIS; SAID FRANCIS ASSIGNOR TO JAS J. CLARK.

IMPROVEMENT. IN METHOD OF EXTRACTINYG TEETH.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 20,390, dated May 25, 1858.

:a common dental forceps an electromagnetic machine in such manner that a wire from the negative pole of the machine shall form a metallic connection with that partof the forceps that graspsthe tooth, and that the positive pole of the machine shall be connected with the patients hand by a metallic connection. The handles of the-forceps, which are held by the operator,are better to be insulated by being covered with a gutta-percha or similarnonconducting substance.

In the accompanying figure, A represents an ordinary electro-magnetic machine with the battery B attached.

D represents the ordinary dental forceps.

A wire, 0, passes from the negative pole P of the electromagnetic machine to the point a of the forceps, where a close metallic connection is made. On the inner side of the forceps, at the point d, a small metallic cup is placed, and a small copper stem projects from the opposite side a of the forceps. As the parts fand g of the forceps close upon the tooth where it is surrounded by the gum, the induced current from the electromagnetic machine passes through the wire C and across from d to e, and thus applies itself around the whole tooth in the vicinity of the nerves, and so affects also the nerves,renderin g them tern porarily insensible. The patient or person operated on must hold in one of his hands the extremity of the other wire, B, so as to complete the circuit through his body. I represents the hands of the operator grasping the forceps, and K the hand of the patient grasping the wire passing to the positive pole of the machine.

The electromagnetic machine has a sliding *rod by which the induced current may be Va ried in intensity. The intensity of the current to be passed through the patients tooth should be graduated by observing in advance how much he can conveniently bear when he grasps .the extremity of the wires H and C in each hand. A-little practice will enable the dentist to determine this readily.

The magnetic machine A is of the ordinary form employed for medical purposes, and consists of a battery of one cell, a primary coil,an i nducin gcoil,'a small electro-magnet for breaking and closing the circuit through the wires C and H and-the patients body. Any other form of electromagnetic machine may be employed.

V Lh'ave descrihedahomparticularly the machinefrequently called an electromagnetic machine, and which is used for medical pur' poses. There are several other forms of machine, sometimes classified as .electro-magnetic or magneto-electric, which are known to be equivalent in their action on the nervous system to the one above described such, for example, as the double helices orcoils, com

posed of two coils of wire, one surrounding the other, one being a quantity helix or. coil and connected with the battery, and the other an intensity helix or coil and to be connected with the body of the patient.

Instead of usingalittle electro-magnetbreab circuit in the first helix, as shown in'the draw-. in g, a clock-work break-circuit or electrotome may be used, or a rasp maybe used in connection with the aid of an assistant for breaking and closin g the circuit. So, also, there are sev* eral forms of magneto-electric machines, in

' which permanent magnets are used to induce,

oy mechanical action, a magneto electric cur 'rent in a coilsurrounding a revolving softiron armature. In all these cases the same pecu liar effect on the nerve of the patents tooth would result if either of these machines were combined with the forceps, inasmuch as they are all well known to be cquivalentsin applying electricity to the body for medical pur poses. A direct circuit from the battery'might also be combined with the forceps, and either with or without the aid of an interposed breakcircuit the same efiect would take place to a great degree, although the use of such a bat,

teryof-t-h'e proper in tensity would probably be found much more inconvenient than the magneto electric, or, as-they are sometimes called, electromagnetic, machines above named.

. .Instead of a metallic conductor to connect the electro-magfnetic machine withthe forceps,

any other kind of conductor might be used, or

{the operators hands might answer for one conductor. I prefer to connect the negative pole of the machine with the forceps; butthis is not indispensable, as the positive pole will also answer. The little piecesf and g are not indispensable, because the, forceps itself con-' veys the current very rapidly to the tooth around the whole body of the tooth.

Having thus described my improvement, what I claim as my invention, and desire to se cure by LettersIatent, is

The combiuation'of the electromagnetic ma- V chine, or its equivalent, with the dental forceps'for removing teeth without pain, arranged and operating substantially in the manner above described.

Witnesses: J. B. FRANCIS.

' J. H. B. JENKINS,

CHARLES D. FREEMAN. 

